Job retention schemes and implications on firm survival during Covid-19. Evidence from new Spanish data
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Trabajo de Máster en Economía, Finanzas y Computación. Tutores: D. Emilio Congregado ; D. Jesús Rodríguez. We analyze the aggregated survival rates of more than a million employer units followed quarterly from April 1st, 2020 to April 1st, 2021, using new data from the experimental statistics of Demographic Situation of Companies (CODEM), by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). This approach makes use of fractional regression methods to explain the survival rate by region, sector, size of the company and whether or not a job retention scheme (henceforth ERTE) had been adopted. Our main results show that the survival rate were significantly higher in those companies where an ERTE was adopted. Nevertheless, this effect was not homogeneous, particularly benefiting the most vulnerable firms. These firms were, as expected, the smallest (from 1 to 5 employees) and the ones which operate in some service sectors related to leisure, education, tourism and hospitality. Additionally, some unobserved heterogeneity among regions have been considered too, suggesting Balearic and Andalusian firms to be the most likely to close.
Trabajo de Máster en Economía, Finanzas y Computación. Tutores: D. Emilio Congregado ; D. Jesús Rodríguez. We analyze the aggregated survival rates of more than a million employer units followed quarterly from April 1st, 2020 to April 1st, 2021, using new data from the experimental statistics of Demographic Situation of Companies (CODEM), by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). This approach makes use of fractional regression methods to explain the survival rate by region, sector, size of the company and whether or not a job retention scheme (henceforth ERTE) had been adopted. Our main results show that the survival rate were significantly higher in those companies where an ERTE was adopted. Nevertheless, this effect was not homogeneous, particularly benefiting the most vulnerable firms. These firms were, as expected, the smallest (from 1 to 5 employees) and the ones which operate in some service sectors related to leisure, education, tourism and hospitality. Additionally, some unobserved heterogeneity among regions have been considered too, suggesting Balearic and Andalusian firms to be the most likely to close.